Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Search in posts
Search in pages
Filter by Categories
Book Review
Brief Report
Case Letter
Case Report
Case Series
Commentary
Current Issue
Editorial
Erratum
Guest Editorial
Images
Images in Neurology
Images in Neuroscience
Images in Neurosciences
Letter to Editor
Letter to the Editor
Letters to Editor
Letters to the Editor
Media and News
None
Notice of Retraction
Obituary
Original Article
Point of View
Position Paper
Review Article
Short Communication
Systematic Review
Systematic Review Article
Technical Note
Techniques in Neurosurgery
Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Search in posts
Search in pages
Filter by Categories
Book Review
Brief Report
Case Letter
Case Report
Case Series
Commentary
Current Issue
Editorial
Erratum
Guest Editorial
Images
Images in Neurology
Images in Neuroscience
Images in Neurosciences
Letter to Editor
Letter to the Editor
Letters to Editor
Letters to the Editor
Media and News
None
Notice of Retraction
Obituary
Original Article
Point of View
Position Paper
Review Article
Short Communication
Systematic Review
Systematic Review Article
Technical Note
Techniques in Neurosurgery
Generic selectors
Exact matches only
Search in title
Search in content
Post Type Selectors
Search in posts
Search in pages
Filter by Categories
Book Review
Brief Report
Case Letter
Case Report
Case Series
Commentary
Current Issue
Editorial
Erratum
Guest Editorial
Images
Images in Neurology
Images in Neuroscience
Images in Neurosciences
Letter to Editor
Letter to the Editor
Letters to Editor
Letters to the Editor
Media and News
None
Notice of Retraction
Obituary
Original Article
Point of View
Position Paper
Review Article
Short Communication
Systematic Review
Systematic Review Article
Technical Note
Techniques in Neurosurgery
View/Download PDF

Translate this page into:

Case Report
10 (
4
); 697-699
doi:
10.1055/s-0039-3399602

Supergiant Cavernous Carotid Aneurysm: Successful Management with Ligation of Internal Carotid Artery and STA–MCA Bypass

Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
Department of Radio diagnosis and Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India

Ashish Aggarwal, MCh Department of Neurosurgery, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER) Chandigarh 160012 India aaggarwal_7@yahoo.com

Licence
This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit. Contents may not be used for commercial purposes, or adapted, remixed, transformed or built upon. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Disclaimer:
This article was originally published by Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers and was migrated to Scientific Scholar after the change of Publisher.

Abstract

Abstract

Supergiant cerebral aneurysm (size > 6 cm) is a rare and challenging cerebrovascular disease with few documented cases in literature. We describe a simple, safe, and effective treatment option for supergiant cavernous carotid aneurysm and discuss the proposed mechanisms for a favorable outcome.

Keywords

internal carotid artery ligation
STA–MCA bypass
super giant ICA aneurysm

Introduction

An 18-year-old young male patient having mild intermittent headache for 2 years presented with decreased vision in left eye, severe headache, and features suggestive of increased intracranial pressure for 10 days. On examination, the patient had left nasal field deficit and papilledema. Computed tomography (CT) showed isodense well-circumscribed space occupying lesion (SOL) in left parasellar– suprasellar region with areas of calcifications. Contrast enhanced MR revealed a supergiant aneurysm (6.1 × 3.6 × 3.4 cm) in cavernous segment of left internal carotid artery (ICA). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed the presence of supergiant aneurysm (Fig. 1A C) Further, balloon occlusion test (BOT) of left ICA was suggestive of moderate cross flow from right ICA across anterior communicating (Acomm) artery. Patient also had hypothyroidism and hypocortisolism. Multiple treatment options described for giant aneurysm in the literature include direct clipping, excision of aneurysm, gradual ICA ligation, parent vessel occlusion with or without revascularization, trapping of aneurysm with or without revascularization, flow diverter, and coil occlusion of aneurysm.1 2 3 4 5 For the present case, the treatment plan was discussed amongst neurosurgeon, endovascular team, and patient. In the presence of raised intracranial pressure and compression on cranial nerves, treatment plan selected was proximal vessel occlusion (PVO) and revascularization i.e., ligation of left ICA in cervical region with superficial temporal artery–middle cerebral artery (STA–MCA) bypass. Postoperative course was uneventful and patient was discharged in the same status. At 3 months follow-up, patient was relieved of headache, papilledema resolved but visual field deficit remained. Follow-up DSA showed occlusion of left ICA, nonfilling aneurysm, and patent left STA–MCA bypass. Angiographic sufficiency of bypass was demonstrated as follows: contrast in left external carotid artery (ECA) run with compression of right common carotid artery, showed filling of right side vessels across Acomm (Fig. 1D F). Supergiant intracranial aneurysms remain a formidable challenge to the neurosurgeons with very few options available. Dogmatic statements cannot be made about treatment strategy and it has to be tailor made for each individual case. The size and the location of this aneurysm precluded direct manipulation and clipping. Parent vessel occlusion i.e., ICA ligation removed the pressure head and created a “blind alley formation” for the retrograde flow leading to thrombosis and obliteration of aneurysm.1 2 5 STA–MCA bypass augmented the cross flow from right ICA across (Acomm) artery and prevented ischemia in left ICA territory. In cases having even moderate cross flow, ICA ligation with STA–MCA bypass is a good option for supergiant ICA aneurysms.

Fig. 1 (A) NCCT head showing isodense well circumscribed space occupying lesion in left parasellar-suprasellar region with areas of calcifications in the wall. (B) Contrast-enhanced MR brain intensely contrast enhancing lesion. (C) Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showing super giant aneurysm in cavernous segment of left internal carotid artery (ICA). (D) Postoperative DSA run of left common carotid artery showing occlusion of left ICA with patent superficial temporal artery (STA)–middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass and no retrograde filling of aneurysm. (E) Postoperative DSA run of right ICA showing good cross flow across Anterior communicating (Acomm) artery with no retrograde filling of aneurysm. (F) Postoperative DSA of left external carotid artery with cross compression showing filling of contralateral (right) ACA and MCA from STA-MCA bypass through Acomm artery with no filling of aneurysm.

Fig. 1 (A) NCCT head showing isodense well circumscribed space occupying lesion in left parasellar-suprasellar region with areas of calcifications in the wall. (B) Contrast-enhanced MR brain intensely contrast enhancing lesion. (C) Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) showing super giant aneurysm in cavernous segment of left internal carotid artery (ICA). (D) Postoperative DSA run of left common carotid artery showing occlusion of left ICA with patent superficial temporal artery (STA)–middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass and no retrograde filling of aneurysm. (E) Postoperative DSA run of right ICA showing good cross flow across Anterior communicating (Acomm) artery with no retrograde filling of aneurysm. (F) Postoperative DSA of left external carotid artery with cross compression showing filling of contralateral (right) ACA and MCA from STA-MCA bypass through Acomm artery with no filling of aneurysm.

Conflict of Interest

None declared.

Funding None.

References

  1. , , , et al . Surgical treatment of large and giant cavernous carotid aneurysms. Asian J Neurosurg. 2017;12(3):382-388.
    [Google Scholar]
  2. , , . A giant partially thrombosed, partially filling, and partially calcified intracranial aneurysm. Surg Neurol Int. 2018;9:139.
    [Google Scholar]
  3. , , , et al . Endovascular treatment of giant serpentine aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. 2016;18(3):264-270.
    [Google Scholar]
  4. , , , et al . Surgical treatment of supergiant cerebral aneurysms. Surgery for Cerebral Stroke. 1991;19:408-413.
    [Google Scholar]
  5. , , , , . Long-term follow-up of giant serpentine MCA aneurysm treated with EC-IC bypass and proximal occlusion. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2006;148(2):227-228.
    [Google Scholar]

Fulltext Views
3,766

PDF downloads
530
View/Download PDF
Download Citations
BibTeX
RIS
Show Sections